Adoption of Climate-Smart Livestock Production Systems by Small- Scale Farmers in Zimbabwe

The adoption of climate-smart agriculture systems is a promising approach to farming adaptation and mitigation, gaining increasing relevance in the face of climate change. Livestock production strategies, crucial for food security and livelihood improvement, are likely to be severely impacted by climate change. This study investigates the adoption of climate-smart livestock production systems and their impact on livelihoods in Chivi district, Zimbabwe. Data were collected from three administrative wards through Focus Group Discussions with 27 purposively sampled small-scale livestock farmers (nine per ward) and one-on-one interviews with four Agricultural Technical and Extension (AGRITEX) officers, professionals who work to improve agricultural practices and rural development by communicating knowledge and providing support to farmers. Braun and Clarke's (2006) reflexive thematic analysis framework was used to analyze the data. The study reveals that conservation of fodder and dried crop residues are the most widely adopted climate-smart livestock production systems due to their ease of practice, low capital requirements, and labor-intensive nature. The adoption of these systems enhances livelihoods by providing household income and food. The study recommends the adoption of climate-smart livestock production systems, particularly in vulnerable and dry areas, to improve the sustainability of livelihoods.