Motivation or Pressure? Basic Characteristics and Key Issues of Human-Machine Collaboration in Journalism and Communication from the Perspective of Labor

In the context of digital transformation, human-machine collaboration has widely penetrated into various links of journalism and communication. However, the impact of generative artificial intelligence (AI) remains controversial. Past studies rarely discussed the deep-seated contradictions of human-machine collaboration from the perspective of labor. Therefore, this paper will start from the labor perspective, mainly sort out the dual impacts of human-machine collaboration on journalism and communication, reveal the triple characteristics of human-machine collaboration at the "physical layer-experience layer-value layer", and construct an analytical framework for two-way alignment between humans and machines, aiming to clarify the theoretical context of human-machine collaboration at the intersection of journalism and communication and the labor perspective.