C3 glomerulopathy triggered by infection-A rare case report

C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is a rare condition caused by dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway. Although a link between Group A streptococcal infection and C3G has been proposed, underlying complement abnormalities—genetic or acquired—are usually involved. We present a case of a 13-year-old boy with C3G and evidence of streptococcal infection but no detectable complement dysregulation. He presented with anasarca and hematuria, and was initially treated as poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. However, persistent azotemia led to a renal biopsy, which confirmed C3G. Despite negative results for genetic and acquired complement abnormalities, the patient responded well to immunosuppressive therapy. This case emphasizes the importance of renal biopsy in distinguishing C3G from post-infectious glomerulonephritis.