The role of drained agrolandscape and fertilizers in the formation of productivity of oats and the efficiency of its cultivation in the conditions of the Upper Volga region

Relevance . In 2022–2024, in the Tver region, on drained lands, the influence of the agrolandscape and fertilizers on the productivity of oats ( Avena sativa L .) of the Yakov variety and the efficiency of its cultivation in a grain-grass crop rotation were studied to predict the yield of oats in individual agro-microlandscapes on different agricultural backgrounds. Methods . The influence of agrolandscape and fertilizers on the productivity of common oats was studied in a grain-grass crop rotation. Experimental design: agromicrolandscapes (factor A) — transit-accumulative of the southern slope; transit of the southern slope; eluvial-transit of the southern slope; eluvial-accumulative (hilltop); eluvial-transit of the northern slope; transit of the northern slope; transit-accumulative of the northern slope and fertilizer background (factor B): 1) — control (N 30 ): 2) N 60 P 60 К 60 . Results . It was found that the application of complete NPK at a dose of 60 kg/ha in the active ingredient under oats contributed to obtaining the maximum increase in grain yield of 0.67 t/ha in the lower part of the northern slope. According to the oat yield obtained in the variant with the use of fertilizers at a dose of N 60 P 60 К 60 , a close direct correlation was established with the elements of the yield structure: the number of grains in a panicle (r = 0.81), the number of productive stems (r = 0.78) and the weight of grain from 1 panicle (r = 0.76). The use of fertilizer provided the maximum increase in the weight of 1000 grains (5.8 g) at the top of the hill and the weight of grain from 1 panicle (18.6%) in the upper part of the northern slope. The maximum conditional profit (31.65 thousand rubles/ha) and profitability (121.1%) were obtained in the control variant in the eluvialtransit microlandscape of the southern slope.