The richness of culture, ethnicity, and religion in Indonesia presents its own challenges, especially in managing social conflict. Integration of peace education and citizenship education as a primary strategy to promote social harmony, tolerance, and democratic participation. This article was compiled using a literature study method, researchers collected data from various sources, such as journals, books, and other relevant references. The results of the study show that peace education focuses on teaching conflict resolution, empathy, and peaceful dialogue, citizenship education develops responsible citizens who are involved in democracy and respect diversity. The integration of these disciplines is essential to building a peaceful society and encouraging active citizen participation. However, challenges such as limited teacher training, inconsistent curricula, and resistance from various groups hinder its effectiveness. This article highlights the need for better educational policies and strategies to enhance the synergy between peace education and citizenship education, which aims to form a more tolerant, cohesive, and democratic society in Indonesia.
Kemala et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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