Struma Ovarii: A Case Report of a Rare Teratoma of the Ovary in Vietnam

Struma ovarii is a rare type of ovarian teratoma, characterized by the predominance of thyroid tissue. The definitive diagnosis of struma ovarii is established by histopathology. The disease typically affects women between the ages of 40 and 50 and is often unilateral. Struma ovarii rarely presents before puberty and exhibits very slow growth. In most cases, the clinical presentation of struma ovarii is similar to mature teratoma. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult because the clinical symptoms, imaging findings, and serum markers are non-specific. In a few cases, struma ovarii can present with symptoms mimicking ovarian cancer. However, even with the presence of ascites and hyperthyroidism, the majority of cases are benign. Ovarian cystectomy or oophorectomy is appropriate for most cases. The majority of symptoms will resolve post-surgery. The prognosis is generally favorable.