ITAE based robust controller for spherical tank level control system

The precise control of liquid levels in spherical tanks is a critical requirement in many industrial processes to ensure safety and efficiency. This paper presents an ITAE (Integral Time Absolute Error) based robust Proportional-Integral (PI) controller designed for effective level control in spherical tanks, which exhibit highly nonlinear dynamics due to their geometric shape. The proposed controller optimizes system performance by minimizing the ITAE performance index, ensuring fast response, reduced overshoot, and improved disturbance rejection. A mathematical model of the spherical tank system is developed to analyse its dynamics, and the ITAE-based tuning is employed to design the controller parameters. The robustness of the proposed controller is validated through extensive simulations under varying operating conditions, including changes in model parameters and external disturbances. Comparative analysis with conventional and optimised PI controllers demonstrates the superior performance of the ITAE-based PI controller in terms of accuracy, stability, and robustness. The findings highlight the potential of ITAE-based robust control strategies for applications requiring stringent control performance in nonlinear systems.