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Simulation findings show improved grid stability and reduced battery stress in photovoltaic systems with supercapacitors.
Integrating renewable sources into the power grid poses various challenges, such as maintaining grid stability taking into account the inherent variable nature of solar irradiance. This study introduces three control strategies for a grid-connected Photovoltaic (PV) Battery Supercapacitor (SC) system to regulate active/reactive power and stabilize the Direct Current (DC)-link voltage. Simulations are conducted, utilizing MATLAB/Simulink, to assess power flow, State-of-Charge (SOC) management, and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) under dynamic irradiation conditions. The results indicate that SCs improve voltage stability, decrease battery stress by 20%, and keep THD below 5%, ultimately extending battery lifespan and reducing costs. Additionally, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) enhances energy extraction efficiency. The proposed approach is specifically evaluated under varying solar irradiation, demonstrating its effectiveness in stabilizing voltage and reducing battery wear. The simulation results provide insights into system performance and overall reliability.
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Latreche et al. (2025) studied this question.
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