The Effectiveness of Steel Beams with Extended Web-Concrete Components

This study examines the structural efficacy of open web expanded asymmetric steel profile-concrete composite beams subjected to static stress. Three beam groups were investigated. The first group (solid) consisted of four specimens: the first specimen served as a reference of asymmetrical steel profiles without an extended web-composite concrete beam, while the other specimens featured expanded ratios of 30%, 50%, and 70%. The second group comprised three perforated specimens with an aperture length of 70 mm, while the third group consisted of three perforated specimens with an aperture length of 140 mm. The focus was on assessing the impact of expansion ratio, opening height, and opening length on the experimental outcomes. The findings demonstrate that augmenting the expanded ratio leads to an increase in ultimate load by about 82.25%, 113.43%, and 117.39% for the solid specimen with expanded ratios of 30%, 50%, and 70%, respectively, in comparison to the reference (unexpanded) specimen. Augmenting the expanded ratio leads to a decrease in the ultimate load by about 11.9% and 19% for specimens with tiny holes of 70 mm in length, corresponding to expanded ratios of 50% and 70%, respectively, in comparison to specimens with an expanded ratio of 30%. Augmenting the expanded ratio of perforated specimens correlates inversely with the ultimate load, as the existence of openings, particularly those of significant height, such as in the case of a 70% expanded ratio, results in a compromise of the web zone and consequently diminishes the shear resistance of the beam, alongside local buckling issues.