Zirconia Preformed Paediatric Crown Versus Stainless Steel Crown in Primary Molars: A Randomized Controlled Split‐Mouth Trial

Objectives This split‐mouth multicentre randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to compare the clinical and radiographic success rates of zirconia crowns (ZCs) and stainless steel crowns (SSCs) on primary molars. Secondary objectives were to compare the study groups in terms of retention and preferences of both parents and children. Methods In 105 children, 210 teeth were randomized to receive either ZC or SSC. The primary outcome success rate was defined by the absence of major failure, such as signs of irreversible pulpitis or infectious complications, over a 2‐year follow‐up period. Secondary outcomes included retention rate and participant preference. Data were analyzed with Poisson regression, paired t ‐tests, and ANCOVA, with the significance level set at 5%. Results Success rates were comparable between the ZC and SSC groups (Rate Ratio [RR] = 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.96–1.01, p = 0.350). Retention rate was lower for ZCs compared to SSCs (RR = 0.95, 95% CI:0.92–0.98, p = 0.001). Approximately two‐thirds of parents preferred ZCs, while children did not show a clear preference for either type of crown. Conclusions The success rate between ZC and SSC was similar over 2 years, but ZC showed lower retention. Unlike children, parents tended to prefer ZC.