In this work, we study the [Formula: see text] model of symmetric teleparallel modified gravity in the framework of cosmological perturbation theory. Using a general approach, we extract the differential matter density equation then we simplify it as a second-order equation by considering the sub-Hubble approximation. Our analysis is then based on two different forms of [Formula: see text] that we study in a classic approach and again using Holographic dark energy. Our initial results yield a significant divergence from the perturbed behavior of the [Formula: see text] CDM model, imposing stringent constraints on the feasibility of this class of theories but the HDE contribution triggers an interesting discussion.
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Filali et al. (2025) studied this question.
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