Investigate the Impact of Solar Activity on Ionospheric Baghdad City

The ionosphere’s plasma characteristics, including Debye length of electron (λ De ), Plasma frequency of electron (fl pe ), Number of particles in a Debye sphere (N D ) and plasma coupling parameter of electron (Γ) over Iraqi capital “Baghdad” (44.3 0 E, 33.3 0 N) within the F-layer for various seasons (Winter, Spring, Summer and Autumn) during the year (2017) for solar cycle 24 have been calculated. Solar activity as indicated in terms of sunspots number (SSN) and solar flux (F 10.7 cm), which are used to compute electron temperature and density using the international reference ionosphere (IRI-2016) model for different heights (150-500) km with 50 km increment. Depending on changes in temperature (T e ) and electron density (n e ), the ionosphere’s plasma characteristics vary from height to height throughout the year. It is observed that when electron density rises as a result of plasma frequency, the plasma’s coupling parameter also rises. It has been shown that a rise in electron temperature also causes an increase in electron velocity, Debye length, and Debye sphere.