Factors Influencing the Utilization of Exclusive Motorcycle Lanes on Federal Highways: A Case Study in Shah Alam

Frequent motorcycle crashes have prompted the Malaysian government to construct Exclusive Motorcycle Lanes (EMLs) to separate motorcyclists from mixed traffic. However, despite the availability of EMLs, many motorcyclists still choose to ride on Federal Highways, increasing crash risks and violating existing traffic regulations. Limited research has explored the underlying reasons behind this preference, representing a critical gap in current road safety literature. This study investigates the factors influencing motorcyclists’ preferences for using EMLs along Federal Highways in Shah Alam. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 310 motorcyclists, employing descriptive analysis, the Relative Importance Index, and binary logistic regression. The results revealed that 74.8% of respondents preferred using EMLs and identified safety as a primary benefit, particularly along the lanes and at entry and exit points. However, safety concerns were noted during rainy and night-time conditions. Motorcyclists acknowledge that EMLs reduce interactions with other vehicles, but poor lighting remains a significant issue, with respondents prioritizing the need for improved street lighting. Modelling results indicate that male, older, and frequent riders are more likely to choose EMLs. The main contribution of this study lies in identifying actionable factors to enhance EML usage, providing empirical evidence to guide infrastructure improvements and policy interventions aimed at improving motorcyclist safety.