Essential role of calcium oxide nanoparticles in the infection of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus

Calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaONPs) exist as an alternative therapeutic option in treating infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, which do not respond to antibiotic therapy. The synthesis of nanoparticles from Carica papaya leaf (CPL) extract has been proven considerably green due to its environmentally friendly process. From the previous effort, it is essential to identify the external factors that may influence the antibacterial activity against MRSA. The present study focused on the effects of CaONPs in the entire infection process of MRSA. Various optimum conditions to produce CaONPs are evaluated by using UV-VIS, FTIR and FESEM. The antibiotic and sensitivity were evaluated via the disk diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), while the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was estimated using turbidimetry. Results showed that the size of nanoparticles was in the range of 50 to 250 nm spheres, but agglomerate structure. Results also revealed that the presence of functional groups of the synthesised CaONPs was confirmed via FTIR analysis (400 – 4000 cm-1 ). Interestingly, the turbidimetry findings showed MIC and MBC were 200 and 250 μg/mL against MRSA. In conclusion, CPL functioned as a good bioreductant to produce CaONPs by exhibiting an acceptable size and shape of NPs and effective antibiotic sensitivity towards MRSA.