Development of a Radio Data Transmission Channel Model to Ensure Train Safety

This study examines the principles of data transmission via a radio channel to ensure the secure dissemination of information between rolling stock and the Radio Block Center (RBC). Experimental measurements were conducted to determine channel throughput, packet transmission time, and packet loss in a radio network. Interaction with a train over a digital communication channel was used to collect data. The experiment demonstrated that the system meets the requirements for packet transmission time at data rates of up to 1.4 kbps. However, at a load of 1.6–2.0 kbps, the packet transmission time becomes unacceptably high, accompanied by an in-crease in the packet loss rate. To address the issues identified during the experiment, a model was developed to evaluate the characteristics of packet data transmission channels in a TETRA standard digital radio communication network. The resulting quantitative data and plots confirm the validity of the proposed data transmission channel model for TETRA. For further optimization, aimed at maintaining communication quality, the need to implement additional error correction mechanisms was established. The authors have chosen the use of more powerful error-correcting codes as one of the solutions, which will help correct errors caused by noise and protect the transmitted data. The choice of coding method to ensure higher noise immunity under intense electromagnetic interference from traction substations and overhead contact lines was based on a comparative analysis of coding techniques used in communication systems.