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September 10, 2025Sleep research.Open Access

Neural circuitry of rapid eye movement sleep homeostasis: Mechanistic insights and pathological implications

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Review highlights neural circuits and electrophysiological markers of REM sleep homeostasis, suggesting links to major depressive disorder and PTSD.

Disruptions in REM sleep homeostasis may contribute to major depressive disorder, PTSD, and Parkinson’s disease.
Key electrophysiological markers include PGO wave density and hippocampal theta oscillations.
The review outlines hierarchical REM-regulating networks involving cholinergic–GABAergic loops and cortical circuits.
Understanding REM sleep mechanisms may guide new therapeutic approaches for sleep-related disorders.

Ting He (2025) studied this question.

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Review highlights neural circuits and electrophysiological markers of REM sleep homeostasis, suggesting links to major depressive disorder and PTSD.