Analysis of Users’ Satisfaction of Tricycle as a Form of Public Transportation in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria

Tricycles have become a dominant form of public transport in medium-sized Nigerian cities due to their affordability, flexibility, and widespread availability. This study critically examines user satisfaction with tricycles (Keke-NAPEP) as a mode of commercial transportation in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Using a mixed-method research design, the study collected primary data from 400 tricycle users across major districts of Ilorin through structured questionnaires and interviews with key stakeholders such as tricycle operators, union leaders, and transport regulators. Findings reveal that while tricycles serve as a vital urban mobility option, user satisfaction is only moderate overall. Users expressed appreciation for their availability and route coverage but reported significant dissatisfaction with comfort, safety, pricing inconsistency, and driver conduct. The study concludes that while tricycles are indispensable in bridging the urban transport gap, addressing user dissatisfaction requires proper planning and government intervention. Recommendations include implementing a standardized fare regime, improving infrastructure, introducing operator training and certification programs, and formalizing the integration of tricycles into Kwara State’s transport policy.