TMJ Prostheses for Condylar Resorption and Benign Tumors Affecting the Condyle

Total mandibular joint replacement is a clinical strategy to treat severe temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disease. The use of TMJ prostheses was introduced into clinical practice in 1960; however, after approval by the FDA in the 1990s, its use became a regular technique for treating some TMJ diseases. Current TMJ prostheses include a fossa component and a condylar component and can be stock or custom-made. Procedures to implant the prosthesis and replace the TMJ are complex; however, technological improvements in planning have improved the process and outcomes. Despite improved knowledge of TMJ replacement, controversy remains regarding indications and timing of the technique. This narrative review aims to describe the indications, characteristics, and variables in TMJ replacement in clinical conditions related to condylar destruction or condylar overgrowth in the case of benign tumors.