Prospects for the integrated rational use of the resources of hydrothermal deposits of the Kamchatka territory

The integrated use of Kamchatka hydrothermal deposits is an urgent task. Taking into account the specifics of the region, the following directions of using the resource of hydrothermal deposits are proposed: communal (heating), balneological (construction of a sanatorium complex), fish farming (cultivation of salmon fry), agricultural (development of technologies for growing in buried soil), mineral raw materials (extraction of chemical elements) and tourist and recreational destinations. Using the example of the Essovsky hydrothermal field, the possibilities of complex development of such fields are shown. The resource of the deposit is used irrationally, mainly as a coolant for heating buildings in the village of Esso. At the same time, the thermal waters and mud of the Essovsky deposit contain valuable chemical elements and highly active balneological components and can be used for treatment and rehabilitation, as well as extracted during the development of the deposit. The presence of balneological mud allows them to be used in balneology. The thermal resource of the discharged geothermal water makes it possible to build a salmon hatchery with a capacity of up to 80 million pieces of fry per year on the basis of the Essovsky deposit. Based on the analysis of natural factors and comparison with the current resort of Belokurikha (Altai Territory of the Russian Federation), it was concluded that there are various natural conditions and the possibility of integrated and rational development of the Essovsky hydrothermal field. The presence of boron and arsenic in the waters of the Essovsky hydrothermal field expands the directions of balneological use. The proposed integrated field development scheme makes it possible to increase the efficiency of field use by up to 85 % and reduce the environmental burden.