Disorder and Chaos in the Spatial Organization of Rural-Urban Republican Ecuador

The spatial structuring established since the Republican foundation of Ecuador in 1830 is presented as disorganized and chaotic due to the failure to conceive the country's bio-anthropological diversity and differences. This neglect resulted in the absence of a historically agreed-upon organization and ordering of the State and its territory, leading instead to a State controlled by the governing elite for their own benefit. The socio-spatial disorder and chaos are evident in the accumulated delays and rural-urban poverty, which should have been addressed to build a diverse and inclusive nation. This topic is pertinently addressed in the present research, tracing the foundational-structural implications, combined with circumstantial practices that have hindered the implementation of the long-desired and proclaimed "Constitutional State of Rights, Social Justice, Territorial Integrity, and Plurinationality" of 2008.