Clinical Analysis of Disorders of the Temporomandibular Joint and Oral Cavity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

The aim of this study was to study the clinical features of damage to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the orofacial region in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Materials and methods. The study included 8 women aged 28 to 57 years who underwent examination and treatment at the dental clinic No. 2 in Nalchik from 2022 to 2024. The diagnosis of SLE was confirmed by a rheumatologist, and the diagnosis of dental manifestations included a survey, visual examination, palpation of the masticatory muscles, registration of TMJ symptoms, and assessment of salivation. Results. The data obtained were compared with the results of a control group of 8 women of the same age. The most common complaints in patients with SLE were xerostomia (50%), oral ulcers and headaches in the temporal region, while the frequency of hyposalivation was significantly higher than in the control group (p <0.0001). 87.5% of patients with SLE showed signs of TMJ dysfunction, including limited movement and pain on palpation. In the group with SLE, tongue cracks and indentations on its lateral surface were also more often recorded. Conclusions. The results emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of patients with SLE for timely detection and correction of dental disorders.