Endoscopic diagnosis of gastritis cystica profunda: the experience of the P.A. Hertsen Moscow oncology research institute

Introduction. Gastritis cystica profunda (GCP) is a rare form of chronic gastritis characterized by cystic dilation of glands in the mucosa and submucosal layer of the gastric wall. Despite the presence of the described endoscopic and morphological signs, the pathology remains insufficiently studied. Objective. Evaluation of endoscopic and endosonographic characteristics of GCP based on clinical observations detected in the endoscopy department of the P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 5 cases of GCP detected in the P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute in 2012-2024 was conducted. Results. The analysis revealed that most patients (80%) had club-shaped thickened folds of the mucous membrane with a bumpy surface. Endosonography revealed anechoic cysts in the mucosa and/or submucosal layer of the stomach wall in 100% of cases. In one of the observations, a unique case of GCP was registered in the zone of heterotopia of the gastric mucosa in the esophagus, which is a rare phenomenon in world practice. The diagnosis of GCP was morphologically confirmed in all patients, including by loop electroresection of a fragment of the mucosa and submucosal layer of the stomach wall. Conclusion. The results of the study confirm the importance of a comprehensive endoscopic study for the accurate diagnosis of GCP and its differentiation from other gastric pathologies. The data obtained indicate the need for further research in the field of GCP pathogenesis, in particular, its oncogenic potential.