High Performance Hexa Band Compact Microstrip Patch Antenna Design for Terahertz Applications

Designing the multiband antenna presented considerable challenges, requiring meticulous optimization to ensure consistent performance across multiple frequency ranges. This research introduces an innovative rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMPA) that operates as a hexa-band in the terahertz (THz) frequency spectrum. The antenna's compact physical dimensions are 56×64×3.3 µm³, and it is constructed using a Quartz (Fused) substrate with a dielectric constant (𝜀𝑟) of 3.75. The radiating patch and ground plane layers are made from copper. This antenna resonates at six distinct frequencies: 2.87 THz, 3.98 THz, 5.71 THz, 7.42 THz, 8.63 THz, and 9.49 THz. The bandwidths are 140 GHz, 130 GHz, 880 GHz, 310 GHz, 680 GHz, and 530 GHz; the efficiencies are 76.26%, 75.38%, 85.95%, 78.53%, 84.24%, and 78.62%; and gains are at 5.71 dBi, 5.46 dBi, 8.41 dBi, 7.41 dBi, 7.74 dBi, and 6.29 dBi at resonance frequency, respectively. Simulations performed using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Software (version 2019) confirm the antenna’s high efficiency and gain. With its flexible design and verified performance, this antenna is well-suited for a wide range of wireless applications, including radar, space science, sensing, and high-speed communication.