Definition Of Basic Concepts and Typology Of Linguistic Corpusa

Corpus linguistics is considered one of the most promising and progressive areas in language study. The relevance of this article lies in the enormous potential of linguistic corpora, which has not yet been fully recognized by the scientific community, at least because the text – the main object of corpus linguistics – in its various forms of implementation is one of the main components of the language system and the mental and speech activity of a modern native speaker. The article reveals the concept of "corpus", provides a classification of text corpora, describes in detail each group of text corpora, provides criteria for linguistic corpora, explains the concept of "markup", and examines the basic concepts of corpus linguistics, methods and areas of its application. The advantage of text corpora in linguistic research is described. The article also analyzes the emergence and development of corpus linguistics, provides a typology of corpora, and describes each type of corpus separately.