Theoretical basis of free economic zones and scientific research industrial parks and their role in the international economic system

In the era of globalization, free economic zones and scientific research industrial parks have burgeoned worldwide, becoming crucial drivers of economic growth and innovation. This study aims to delve into their theoretical underpinnings and understand their multifaceted roles in the international economic system. By conducting an in - depth literature review, analyzing case studies from different regions, and applying economic models, we draw several key conclusions. These zones and parks are not only shaped by economic theories but also significantly influence international trade, investment, and technological transfer, playing an indispensable part in the global economic structure.