Monitoring Land Surface Temperature and Vegetation Dynamics in Response to Land Use Changes using Spatiotemporal Analysis in District Chiniot, Punjab Pakistan

Understanding the impact of land use and cover changes (LULC) on vegetation and built-up areas is crucial for local governments and communities in rapidly developing countries. The study was conducted in district Chiniot, Punjab, Pakistan. The present study aims to explore the relationship between Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). This study aims to investigate the relationship between land surface temperature (LST) patterns and changes in LULC due to urbanization in District Chiniot. Using Landsat 5 and 8 data, LST was computed and correlated with NDVI to assess vegetation changes. The results indicate a decrease in NDVI over the years, suggesting declining vegetation, and an increase in LST, indicating rising temperatures. Supervised classification revealed an increase in built-up areas and a decrease in vegetation, contributing to the rise in LST. These findings highlight the importance of effective land management strategies to mitigate the adverse impacts of urbanization on local environments.