Financial methods and tools to ensure the growth of the birth rate and well-being of the Russian population: Problems and solutions

The subject of the study is Russia’s demographic policy aimed at stimulating the birth rate. The purpose of the work is to analyze the effectiveness of the state financial policy in the field of fertility promotion. The relevance of the study is due to the need to overcome negative demographic trends in Russia in the context of a negative external background and high uncertainty, which requires the adaptation of financial instruments of state support for families with children to modern challenges. The article analyzes the main measures of financial stimulation of fertility in Russia based on open data from the unified state information system of social security (USISSS), including maternal (family) capital, tax benefits and social benefits. The trends, weaknesses and problems of demographic policy implementation, as well as the impact of an increase in the cost of human capital reproduction on fertility are considered. The modeling and calculation of the approximate amount of monetary compensation for families with children based on the family’s opportunity costs for the maintenance, education and upbringing of children up to working age have been carried out. Based on open data from Rosstat and USISSS, it is concluded that the current measures of financial stimulation of fertility are not effective enough. It is proposed to use an integrated approach to solving the demographic problem, including changing approaches to the redistribution of financial resources in society, providing additional tax benefits for medium- and high-income groups of citizens, taking into account the status of having many children, as well as more flexible indexing of social benefits, the use of regionally oriented financial strategies to stimulate fertility, increasing the overall tax burden on the economy. to provide financial support for the proposed financial birth control measures.