Torque control of PMSM motors using reinforcement learning agent algorithm for electric vehicle application

As electric vehicles (EVs) demand higher performance and efficiency, precise torque control in interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) becomes increasingly vital. This paper introduces a reinforcement learning (RL)-based method to optimize torque control in IPMSMs. The RL agent is trained to regulate d-axis and q-axis currents, producing stator voltages to follow the desired motor speed. The control system includes an observation vector, voltage-based actions, and a specially designed reward function. Due to the nonlinear dynamics of the motor, training the agent requires significant computational effort. MATLAB/Simulink simulations are performed to compare the RL controller with a traditional PI controller. Results indicate that the RL controller delivers quicker and more accurate performance, although additional training is necessary to minimize overshoot.