Efficacy of Trucut / Core Biopsy in Lung Lesions

Background:CT-guided core needle biopsy is an accurate method of diagnosis of lung lesions and has become essential for patient management. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of tru-cut/core biopsy in diagnosing lung lesions and to analyze the morphological spectrum for accurate classification. It further seeks to correlate clinical, radiological, cytological and histopathological findings to enhance diagnostic precision. A prospective study was carried out in Department of Pathology, Mahadevappa Rampure Medi Methodology: cal College Kalaburagi from July 2019 to December 2021. CT-guided biopsy was done in radiologically suspected lung mass lesions. Samples were studied for histopathology Additionally, immunohistochemical staining was employed wherever feasible to support and refine the histopathological diagnosis. Results: A total of 114 lung lesion cases were studied, most commonly involved age group was 51–60 . Male-to-female ratio was 3. 75: 1. Cough was the most common symptom (63. 2%), and 67. 5% were smokers. Both lungs were equally involved and mean lesion size of 5. 5 cm on HRCT. FNAC was performed in 13cases. 83. 33% lesions were neoplastic, 10. 52% non-neoplastic, and 6. 14% inadequate. Among neoplastic lesions, adenocarcinoma (39), squamous cell carcinoma (31), and small cell carcinoma(17)were most common, with rare cases of leiomyosarcoma and metastatic GIST. Cyto-histopathological correlation in 13cases showed 90. 9%sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 92. 3%diagnostic accuracy. Subsequently , IHC was done in 19cases, and EGFR testing in 6adenocarcinomas. Conclusion: Therefore, CT-guided core needle biopsy is highly accurate compared to aspiration cytology and when carried out under experienced guidance yields adequate material for diagnosis and classification of lung lesions. Efficient management of lung carcinoma can be achieved with modern technological advances as it has a high sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy.