A Co-Simulation-Enabled Digital Engineering Environment for Automated Requirements Verification in Sustainable Aircraft Design

This paper presents a novel digital engineering environment for automated requirements verification in the early design of electrified aircraft. The framework establishes semantic interoperability between system models and analysis tools by employing a unified, ontology-driven data schema. At its core is a co-simulation unit that orchestrates all knowledge exchange through standardized web interfaces, enabling modular and scalable integration of system models, simulation codes, and traceability databases. Requirements are formally defined and programmatically extracted from the system model, then automatically verified against analysis results using executable representations of their constraints. All verification outcomes and supporting data are stored in a graph database, ensuring persistent traceability and enabling flexible queries across the entire workflow. Demonstrated on an electric aircraft case study, the environment enables end-to-end automation, real-time feedback, and rigorous digital continuity, addressing longstanding barriers in model integration. By advancing semantic alignment and API-based data exchange, this approach supports the development and certification of sustainable aviation systems.