Ảnh hưởng của dòng chảy thoát nước và quá trình thấm đến trượt lở

This study investigates the role of surface runoff, seepage flow, and infiltration in slope failure mechanisms in the mountainous regions of Northern Vietnam. Field investigations were conducted at several representative landslide sites, incorporating the use of specialized instruments in engineering geology, hydrogeology, and geotechnical surveys. The objective is to clarify how drainage conditions—associated with surface runoff, subsurface seepage, and rainfall-induced infiltration—affect slope stability. The results show that: (i) surface runoff commonly occurs in low-lying areas or zones with intense weathering linked to tectonic faults; (ii) seepage flow is observed in locations with disrupted stratigraphy or changes in the physical–mechanical properties of soil and rock; and (iii) infiltration is mainly governed by rainfall intensity and the geological characteristics of slope materials. The combined effect of these factors alters soil saturation, pore water pressure, and permeability, ultimately reducing slope stability and initiating landslides. These findings offer a scientific foundation for understanding landslide mechanisms and support the development of more effective early warning and hazard mitigation systems.