Comprehensive Assessment of the Technical Condition of the Hydraulic Structure on the Maly Chembar River in the Penza Region

The article is devoted to a comprehensive assessment of the technical condition of a hydraulic structure on the Maly Chembar River in the Penza Region. A detailed study of the hydraulic unit’s condition was conducted, including the earthen dam, spillway structures, and bottom outlets, to determine the residual resource of their components and identify safety deficiencies. During visual and instrumental inspections, significant defects were identified, such as subsidence of the dam crest, concrete corrosion, malfunction of hydraulic equipment, and siltation of the spillway bottom. The results of the study showed that the hydraulic structure is in a critical (emergency) condition, requiring immediate major repairs to prevent potential accidents. The need to strengthen the dam body, restore the functionality of the outlets, and develop an emergency action plan is emphasized. The study also includes calculations of the spillway capacity and filtration characteristics of the earthen dam, which allow for an assessment of current risks and propose measures to improve the condition of the hydraulic structure.