This analysis reveals KdV equations for fast and slow magnetoacoustic waves in degenerate plasma, indicating the role of electron spin.
Fast and slow magnetoacoustic cnoidal waves in degenerate plasmas in the presence of oblique magnetic field are investigated with electrons' fluid model where electrons' spin-up (-down) states exist. The two separate equation of states for spin-up (-down) density states of electrons with quantum tunneling effect due to Bohm potential are taken into account. The effect of magnetization current (in Maxwell equations) and energy (in electron momentum equations) due to two separate electrons' spin is also included. The Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation with suitable boundary conditions is derived by applying reductive perturbation technique. Nonlinear periodic (cnoidal) wave solution is obtained for fast and slow magnetoacoustic waves in magnetized degenerate plasma. It is found that dip structures of magnetic field perturbations are formed for nonlinear slow magnetoacoustic waves while hump structures are formed for nonlinear fast magnetoacoustic waves in dense plasmas. The effect of electron spin-up (-down) density states parameter (κ) on the propagation of slow and fast magnetoacoustic cnoidal waves and solitons are illustrated in numerical plots and are discussed in detail.
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Hussain et al. (2025) studied this question.
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