Adolescent Aggression in Orphanage Settings: A Systematic Literature Review

AAggression among adolescents living in orphanages is a relatively specific topic that has not yet become a major focus in research, despite the abundance of literature discussing adolescent aggression in general. This study aims to fill that gap by conducting a systematic review of the factors influencing aggression in adolescents residing in orphanages. Using the PICO framework, this study applies the principles of a systematic review, with article selection carried out through literature searches across several online databases. Keywords used in Bahasa Indonesia included "remaja" (adolescents), "agresi" (aggression), "agresivitas" (aggressiveness), and "panti asuhan" (orphanage). English keywords included "adolescents," "teenagers," "aggression," "violent behavior," "hostility," and "orphanage." The inclusion criteria for this review were: (1) the study participants were adolescents, (2) the articles were written in either Indonesian or English, and (3) the articles were published between 2014 and 2024. A total of 10 articles that met the criteria were analyzed based on their focus, research design, variables studied, and main findings. The review results indicate that adolescents in orphanages tend to exhibit higher levels of aggression compared to those living with their parents. Factors such as self-concept, loneliness, low self-esteem, poor emotional regulation, and lack of social support play a significant role in increasing aggressive behavior. In conclusion, adolescent aggression in orphanages is a complex issue influenced by both internal and external factors, highlighting the need for comprehensive and context-based interventions.