Four operations on orbital angular momentum improve information transmission security in free-space optical systems, suggesting anti-eavesdropping potential.
Information security is a critical challenge in free-space optical (FSO) communications. Several methods have been applied to prevent eavesdropping during information transmission. We propose four operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode to achieve security in the encoding and decoding of information transmission for optical communications. The transmitted information is decoded by the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of the OAM modes according to the values of the topological charges at different diffraction orders of the vortex beam generated by the vortex Dammann grating. The results show that correct information can be obtained when the four operations of the OAM modes are applied. This method can be used to prevent eavesdropping during information transmission in FSO communication systems.
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Yuan et al. (2025) studied this question.
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