Role of Image Processing Techniques in Remote Sensing For Automatic Road Extraction

A massive remote sensing data plays irreplaceable role in the field of space technology. Road information is very important in remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) , it has great importance in the application of traffic navigation, urban planning and military reconnaissance. Apart from the rapid development of space technology, road extraction has great significance in the earthquake relief and fire escape. Automatic extraction from aerial image is always an import problem in Photogrammetry, meanwhile has attracted more attention in the fields of Remote-Sensing Surveying and Mapping, Pattern Recognition, Computer Vision and Artificial Intelligence, etc. Many techniques have been proposed, and they are classified according to whether an approach requires human intervention. Road information is critical to the public when disaster comes, having a full knowledge of the road information may help reducing the casualties. As a result, road extraction is vital to the safety of our citizens as well as our government’s emergency warning, preparedness and planning. Therefore, strongly making use of the spectral properties of satellite imagery is a way to mitigate the geometric disadvantages comparable to those from aerial imagery.