AI and bilingual education framed within significant learning: a critical reflection

Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays an increasingly significant role in education, particularly in the Bilingual Education Teaching Program (UBETP). This literature-based reflection reviews and analyzes the role that AI plays in education through the lens of the Significant Learning model proposed by Dee Fink. This model, in turn, is part of the institutional pedagogical philosophy. The review was conducted across five databases: Redalyc, Scielo, Proquest, Science Direct, and Eric, identifying three key areas where AI has an influence: autonomous learning, administrative processes, and instructional support. However, it also addresses concerns regarding equity, transparency, and teacher autonomy, as AI systems can perpetuate biases and limit educators’ autonomy. While AI effectively contributes to information assimilation and cognitive interaction, it is less effective in facilitating reflective and emotional processes, essential for comprehensive education. Therefore, AI should be considered a complement to traditional methods, not its replacement.