A Case Report of Transfusion-associated Circulatory Overload

A BSTRACT Adverse blood transfusion reactions vary from mild to severe grade of reaction. The types are mild or severe allergic blood transfusion reactions, febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions, anaphylactic blood transfusion reactions, acute and delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions, transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO), transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), transfusion-associated dyspnea (TAD), and transfusion-associated sepsis. The onset of TACO and TRALI mostly occurs within 12 h of transfusion. It is difficult to differentiate between TACO and TRALI. TACO, TRALI, and TAD are the pulmonary complications related to blood transfusion. The incidence of TACO is higher than TRALI, and TACO is an independent cause for inpatient morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of TACO is difficult in resource constricted area and also due to overlapping signs and symptoms with other transfusion reactions.