Atypically Located Leiomyoma Mimicking Axillary Lymphadenopathy – A Rare Case Report

A BSTRACT Leiomyoma is a benign smooth muscle tumor found in places of the body with smooth muscle tissue, uncommon in smooth muscle at the vessels lying on deep soft tissue. Our case was a rare case of leiomyoma originating from the axillary region in a pediatric patient, which was initially diagnosed as granulomatous lymphadenitis on radiological and cytological examinations. The mass was separated from surrounding tissues and totally resected. Pathologically, hematoxylin and eosin-stained biopsy tissue showed the typical findings of leiomyoma, confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Postoperative follow-up observation was without complications or recurrence. Thus, a leiomyoma in the axillary region in pediatric cases is difficult to differentiate from other benign or malignant tumors on preoperative radiological examinations such as ultrasonography or computed tomography. Therefore, leiomyoma, an indefinite asymptomatic mass that is not lymphadenopathy or a common benign tumor in the axillary region, can be considered one of the differential diagnoses.