Design and analysis of metamaterial superstrate and FSS reflector loaded UWB antenna for the detection and localization of breast tumors

Objectives This paper investigates an efficient UWB biosensor that employs monostatic radar-based microwave imaging (RBMI) to identify cancerous cells in human breast tissue. Methods The proposed FSS-loaded lens applicator biosensor assembly combines three designs, including a UWB radiator, a frequency selective surface (FSS) reflector, and a square-shaped split ring metamaterial cell (SSR-M). In Computer Simulation Technology-Microwave Studio (CST-MWS) simulator, a lens applicator (UWB transceiver with SSR-M at its front side) when loaded with an FSS reflector is simulated with a breast phantom (BP), then the system performance is assessed in the context of backscattered parameters, penetration depth (PD), and specific absorption rate (SAR). Experimental validations of the fabricated prototype are captured using the Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). Results/Key findings Signal processing steps are applied over the S 11 signals using MATLAB, to detect the depth/location of the malignant tissue. The proposed system is capable of detecting a minimum tumor size of 4 mm up to a maximum localization depth of 30 mm. The proposed system has an isotropic gain of 3.6 dBi and a SAR of 1.07 W/kg over 1 g of tissue. Conclusions As a result, the proposed biosensor configuration is suitable option for microwave imaging applications.