Temporal patterns of aphid infestations in coriander

Understanding the temporal pattern of aphid infestation is essential for developing effective and ecologically sound pest management strategies in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). This study was conducted during the rabi, 2023–24 and 2024-25 cropping seasons to identify the dominant aphid species infesting coriander and to elucidate their seasonal population trends under field conditions. Aphid species were identified based on morphological characteristics and confirmed through molecular analysis. Three species, Hyadaphis coriandri, Aphis gossypii, and Aphis spiraecola were found to be major pests of coriander. Their infestation began in the 4th week after germination (3rd week of December; 51st Standard Meteorological Week), peaked during the 12th week (4th week of February; 7th SMW), and declined thereafter, coinciding with crop maturity. A highly significant positive correlation was observed between aphid population and natural enemies, particularly coccinellids and syrphid fly larvae, indicating a density-dependent predator response. The findings highlight the importance of monitoring aphid population dynamics and conserving natural enemies for timely and sustainable aphid management in coriander ecosystems.