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Building Distribution and Spatial Constraints from Perspectives of Tsunami Inundation at a Small Island Context: A Study Case of Sabang-Aceh, 20 Years after the 2004 Aceh Tsunami

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Observational analysis assesses tsunami-related land development in Sabang City, highlighting significant spatial planning constraints.

Findings reveal that 47.7% of buildings are in low-capability zones, highlighting the impact of environmental factors on land use.
The study identifies significant constraints in land development, influenced by protected forests and buffer zones limiting available land.
Field surveys categorized 14,104 building units using the HAZUS methodology, offering insights into structural resilience and suitability.
Strategic interventions are needed, including relocating high-risk settlements, to enhance urban resilience and promote sustainable growth.

Syamsidik et al. (2025) studied this question.

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