Adaptive Prosthodontics and Neural Adaptation: Bridging Brain and Bite in Oral Rehabilitation

Neuroplastic Prosthodontics is an emerging concept that highlights the role of dental interventions in inducing neuroplastic changes to optimize oral sensorimotor function. Traditional prosthetic treatments often fail to fully restore neurosensory integration, leading to impaired mastication, speech, and oral motor control. This issue is further compounded by aging-related declines in masticatory efficiency, neuromuscular coordination, and sensory feedback. Recent research utilizing functional imaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has demonstrated cortical adaptations in response to prosthetic use, suggesting that structured oral motor training can enhance prosthetic adaptation and overall function. Moreover, the link between masticatory efficiency and cognitive health underscores the broader implications of oral rehabilitation. Given the increasing prevalence of edentulism among aging populations, integrating neuroplasticity-driven strategies in prosthodontics is essential for improving long-term patient outcomes. This review explores the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying jaw sensorimotor control, the impact of aging on oral function, and the potential for training-induced neuroplasticity to enhance prosthetic rehabilitation. Future research should focus on refining prosthetic designs, developing targeted oral motor training protocols, and further investigating the interplay between prosthetic rehabilitation and cortical plasticity. By bridging the gap between traditional prosthodontics and neurosensory adaptation, Neuroplastic Prosthodontics presents a promising approach to enhancing both oral function and overall neurological health.