Recent Advancements in Nanosuspension-based Drug Delivery Systems: A Mini-Review from Concept to Applications

Nanosuspensions have emerged as a promising drug delivery system for poorly watersoluble drugs, offering several advantages over traditional and other nanocarrier-based systems. Unlike liposomes or polymeric nanoparticles that encapsulate drugs, nanosuspensions are submicron colloidal dispersions consisting purely of drug particles stabilized by surfactants or polymers. This direct formulation enhances drug loading, increases dissolution rate, and improves oral and parenteral bioavailability. Various preparation techniques, including high-pressure homogenization, media milling, and precipitation methods, have been optimized for scalability and reproducibility. Recent research demonstrates the potential of nanosuspensions in targeted drug delivery, particularly in oncology, due to their ability to enhance tissue penetration and reduce off-target effects. This mini-review summarizes the fundamental principles, production techniques, physicochemical characterization, recent applications, limitations, and future directions in nanosuspension- based drug delivery, highlighting their unique advantages over other nanosystems.