Reproductive dynamics of the pink shrimp Penaeus brasilienis (Decapoda: Penaeidae) in south-eastern Brazil

Context The pink shrimp (Penaeus brasiliensis (Latreille, 1817)) is a vital resource for artisanal fisheries in Espírito Santo, south-eastern Brazil, yet its reproductive biology in the region remains understudied. Aims To investigate the reproductive dynamics of P. brasiliensis, focusing on reproductive period, size at first maturation, and environmental influences to support management and conservation measures. Methods Shrimp specimens were collected monthly over 12 months from the coastal zone of Anchieta, Piúma and Itapemirim. Macroscopic and histological analyses identified ovarian developmental stages. Mean length at first maturation (L50) was estimated for females. Environmental parameters, including water temperature and rainfall, were measured. Key results In total, 304 shrimp (158 males, 146 females) were analysed, with females being significantly larger (P < 0.05). Five ovarian development stages were identified. The reproductive period spanned February to May, peaking in March and April. L50 was 132.0-mm total length and 29.5-mm cephalothorax length, indicating earlier reproduction than in other regions. Higher temperatures coincided with peak reproduction, whereas rainfall preceded reproductive activity. Conclusions The reproductive dynamics of P. brasiliensis in Espírito Santo uncovered precocious reproduction influenced by environmental factors. Implications Findings provide critical data for establishing effective management and conservation measures for this economically significant resource.