Orthogonal Experiment-Based Synergistic Study on Energy Saving Design and Air Quality of Rural Houses in Severe Cold Regions

Aiming at the prominent problem of prolonged heating periods and high energy consumption loads in rural housing within China’s severe cold regions, this study constructed a simulation model using DesignBuilder software based on analyzing an existing energy-saving design scheme for a green rural house in Shenyang. The model simulated the building energy consumption under impacts of five factors—building airtightness, mechanical ventilation per capita fresh air volume, building orientation, heating temperature, and fresh air preheating temperature. With comprehensive consideration of indoor air quality, the influence degree of each factor on energy consumption was researched to obtain the optimal combination scheme, through single-factor analysis and the range analysis of multi-factor orthogonal experiments with the controlled variable method. The results showed that the contribution of building airtightness to energy consumption was dominant, and the optimal parameter combination scheme demonstrated significant energy-saving effects.