The Role of microRNA-155 in Viral Diseases of Humans

MicroRNAs, as key regulators of gene expression, have garnered significant attention in recent antiviral research due to their potential to modulate viral pathogenesis and host immune responses. On account of their potential to regulate gene expression, microRNAs are currently the focus of modern antiviral research. miR-155 is a multifunctional microRNA that plays a significant role in the regulation of the host immune system. Predictably, it also has a profound role in the pathogenesis of numerous viruses. Increasing research has revealed the involvement of miR-155 in various aspects of the host-viral interface. Studies have also shown that miR-155 or its inhibitor could be used as a potential tool in viral therapeutics and diagnostics. The current review aims to highlight viral diseases that have been significantly modulated by miR-155. This was achieved by searching several globally recognised and distinguished scientific databases, followed by data extraction and analysis. This work is particularly important, as exogenous molecular control of miR-155 expression could open new avenues for limiting viral proliferation.