Nasal septal abscess in patient with immunosuppression: Case report

Nasal septal abscess constitutes a rhinologic emergency, characterized by purulent accumulation between the septal framework and its mucoperichondrial/mucoperiosteal covering. While most frequently arising from secondary infection of inadequately managed post-traumatic hematomas. Despite rhinoseptoplasty being a clean-contaminated procedure, postoperative incidence remains below 1 %, attributable to the region's robust vascularization. A 40-year-old female with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus presented four weeks post-rhinoseptoplasty with bilateral nasal obstruction and septal pain. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography CT scan imaging confirmed the diagnosis of nasal septal abscess, necessitating urgent hospitalization in our otolaryngology department. The advent of broad-spectrum antibiotics and improved healthcare access has significantly reduced the incidence of this condition. However, potential complications remain severe, including intracranial extension (meningitis, cerebral abscess), septicemia, and cavernous sinus thrombosis. Immunocompromised patients demonstrate particular vulnerability to disease progression. This pathology carries significant functional and life-threatening implications, underscoring the critical importance of prompt diagnosis and immediate therapeutic intervention.