Enhancing Platelet-Rich Fibrin: Influence of Hyaluronic Acid and Collagen on Growth Factor Release and Biomechanical Properties in Vitro

Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) is an autologous matrix rich in platelets, leukocytes, and growth factors that support tissue regeneration. Enhancing its structural and biological properties through biomaterial supplementation may improve clinical outcomes. This study evaluated the effects of adding hyaluronic acid (HA) and collagen to PRF on growth factor release and mechanical strength. In the current study, venous blood samples were collected from 20 healthy volunteers (seven tubes per participant). The tubes were used for complete blood count analysis, obtaining pure PRF and supplemented PRF with HA (HA-PRF) and collagen (COL-PRF), mechanical testing, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of pure PRF, HA-PRF, and COL-PRF, respectively. All samples were centrifuged at 708 x g for 12 min. Growth factor levels were measured at 24 h and 72 h via ELISA. PRF membranes were also subjected to tensile and elongation testing using a testometric device. At 72 h, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) levels were significantly higher in HA-PRF and COL-PRF than in controls. Other growth factors showed no significant differences. Mechanical testing revealed greater elongation and tensile strength in the COL-PRF group compared to both HA-PRF and control. These findings suggest that HA and collagen enhance PRF's mechanical performance. In particular, collagen improves structural durability, potentially extending PRF's resorption time. This supports its application as a membrane substitute in bone augmentation procedures.