Three-Site Catalysis of In1–MoB2 to Boost Urea Electrosynthesis

We develop single-atom In on MoB2 (In1-MoB2) as an efficient catalyst for urea synthesis from coelectrolysis of NO3- and CO2. Mechanistic studies reveal a three-site synergistic catalysis mechanism of In1-MoB2, where In1/B sites enable the formation of *CO/*NH2 intermediates and their C-N coupling, while the Mo site facilitates H2O dissociation to provide the ample protons required for the protonation of C/N intermediates toward urea generation. Moreover, by employing a plasma-electrocatalytic route with integrating plasma-driven air oxidation and electrocatalysis, In1-MoB2 exhibits the exceptional Faradaic efficiency of 80.4% and urea yield rate of 116.5 mmol h-1 g-1, ranking in the top performance level.